一些私人生育诊所宣传和推销使用多基因风险评分进行胚胎选择。

　　这些诊所声称，胚胎的PRS可以帮助预测未来孩子患某些疾病的可能性，或被认为是受一些不同基因影响的复杂特征。然而，一篇发表在《中国科学报》的论文指出，没有证据表明PRS能够以这种方式可靠地预测个人的性状。该论文认为，使用PRS来选择胚胎是未经证实的，也是不道德的。

　　欧洲人类遗传学会公共和专业政策委员会主席Francesca Forzano博士说："许多疾病是由遗传和环境共同造成的，PRS只能捕捉到相关遗传成分的一部分，而这些成分本身可能是非常复杂和难以分析的，"第一作者。"此外，虽然PRS可以识别普通人群中存在某些疾病风险的个体，但没有证据表明它们可以帮助一对夫妇选择一个胚胎而不是另一个，因为单个家庭中的遗传变异性有限。

　　个人有一个特定基因的不同变体。PRS研究了可能影响疾病或性状发展的多个基因的变体。一些变体可能会增加发展一个特定性状的可能性，而其他变体可能会降低可能性。

　　针对特定个体的特定性状的PRS是基于我们目前对特定人群中遗传变异的了解，然后预测该个体在整个人群中的性状分布中可能处于的位置。

　　英国生育监管机构人类受精和胚胎学管理局说："目前在英国，在植入前基因测试中使用PRS是非法的。胚胎选择在英国只有在预防严重的遗传性疾病时才是合法的。

　　出版BioNews的慈善机构Progress Educational Trust的主任Sarah Norcross呼吁监管机构密切关注这些测试在英国的营销。"她说："使用PRS选择胚胎在科学上和伦理上都是不允许的。"即使PRS--尽管完全缺乏临床证据--可以有效地预测某些胚胎的某些事情，但使用该测试所需的胚胎数量不能在临床环境中完成。在生育治疗方面，可供选择的胚胎非常少，所以选择一个胚胎而不是另一个胚胎的理由必须基于明确的证据。

　　没有证据表明在胚胎选择中使用多基因风险评分

　　常德代怀机构群

　　1、一些私人生育诊所宣传和销售使用多基因风险评分进行胚胎选择。

　　2、These clinics claim that embryonic PRSs can help predict the likelihood of a future child developing certain diseases or complex traits that are thought to be influenced by a number of different genes. However, a paper published in the European Journal of Human Genetics states that there is no evidence that PRSs can reliably predict a person's traits in this way. The paper argues that the use of PRSs to select embryos is unproven and unethical.

　　3、Dr. Francesca Forzano, first author of the paper and chair of the Public and Professional Policy Committee of the European Society of Human Genetics, said, "Many diseases are caused by a combination of genetics and environment, and PRSs can capture only a fraction of the relevant genetic components, which themselves can be very complex and difficult to analyze. In addition, while PRSs can identify individuals at risk for a particular disease in the general population, there is no evidence that they are useful to couples in deciding whether to select one embryo or the other, because genetic variability within an individual family is limited.

　　Individuals have different gene-specific variants. PRSs study variants in multiple genes that can affect the development of a disease or trait. Some variants may increase the likelihood of developing a specific trait, while others may decrease the likelihood.

　　PRS for a particular trait in a particular individual uses what we currently know about genetic variation in a particular population and then predicts where that individual is likely to be in the distribution of the trait in the population as a whole.

　　The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, the UK's fertility regulator, told The Times, "The use of PRSs in pre-implantation genetic testing is currently illegal in the UK.

　　Sarah Norcross, director of the charity Progress Educational Trust, which publishes BioNews, urged regulators to keep a watchful eye on the marketing of these tests in the United Kingdom: "It is neither scientifically nor ethically legitimate to try to select embryos using PRS," she said. Even if - for the sake of argument and despite the complete lack of clinical evidence - a PRS could meaningfully predict certain things about certain embryos, the sheer number of embryos required to use this test would be unachievable in a clinical setting.

　　No evidence for the use of polygenic risk scores in embryo selection.

　　The use of polygenic risk scores for embryo selection is advertised and sold by some private fertility clinics.

　　However, an article published in the European Journal of Human Genetics states that there is no evidence that PRS can reliably predict an individual's traits in this way and that the use of PRS for embryo selection is both unproven and unethical.

　　Many diseases are caused by a combination of genetics and environment, and PRS can only capture parts of the relevant genetic component, which itself is likely to be very complex and difficult to analyze," said Francesca Forzano, Ph.D., first author of the paper and chair of the Public and Professional Policy Committee of the European Society of Human Genetics. In addition, while PRS can identify individuals who are at increased risk for a particular disease in the general population, "there is no evidence that they can be useful for a couple in deciding for one embryo and against another, given the limited genetic variability within a single family.

　　Individuals have different variants of certain genes. PRS examines variants in multiple genes that may influence the development of a disease or trait. Certain variants may increase the likelihood of developing a particular trait, while others may decrease the likelihood.

　　A PRS for a given trait in a given individual is based on what we currently know about genetic variants in a given population of people, and then predicts where the individual is likely to lie in the distribution of the trait in the population as a whole.

　　The UK's fertility agency - the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority - told The Times, "The use of PRS in preimplantation genetic testing is currently illegal in the UK.

　　Sarah Norcross, director of the charity Progress Educational Trust, which publishes BioNews, urged regulators to keep a watchful eye on the marketing of these tests in the U.K. "It is neither scientifically nor ethically legitimate to attempt to select embryos using PRS," she said. Even if - for the sake of argument and despite the complete lack of clinical evidence - a PRS could meaningfully predict certain things about certain embryos, the sheer number of embryos required to use this test would be unachievable in a clinical setting, she said.